Five Components of

Farm-Based

Therapy

Red barn in winter with a footpath through snow leading to barn door

What is Farm-Based Therapy?

Below we dive into 5 Components of Farm-Based Therapy with what each looks like in a session at Cultivate Care Farms in Bolton, MA, and the mental health benefits gained from this work.

Painted mural on chicken coop door with blue sky at top and a red barn underneath

Hands-On Experience

What it looks like in a session:

  • trimming a goat’s hooves

  • building a climbing structure for the animals

  • painting a mural in the chicken coop

  • constructing a maze from hay bales

The mental health benefits:

  • increase resourcefulness and a self-confidence

  • gain a sense of empowerment and impact

  • create opportunities for self-regulation for clients who are sensory-seeking

  • build mastery over skills

Sustainability

What it looks like in a session:

  • growing and harvesting food to feed the animals

  • cleaning animal poop from the pens to add to the compost pile to create new gardens

  • selling chicken eggs to pay for chicken feed

  • using sheared animal wool and fiber to create yarn or wool roving for therapeutic projects

The mental health benefits:

  • observing processes over time, witnessing change and growth

  • participating in consistent work in order to achieve goals

  • developing a sense of resourcefulness

  • being able to see “the bigger picture”

Basket of fresh eggs being collected
Two goats in sunshine with fresh hay all around

The Life Cycle

What it looks like in a session:

  • assisting with bandaging and treating animals when they are injured 

  • witnessing the live birth of animals

  • feeding and caring for new/rejected animals

  • spending time at the memorial space and participating in life/death ceremonies

The mental health benefits:

  • experiencing and working through a grief process in a supportive environment

  • being able to relate these experiences to the anticipation or the experience of observing birth or death in their own lives

  • practicing working through “big emotions”

Mindfulness

What it looks like in a session:

  • sensory input and integration: practicing balance while pushing a wheelbarrow filled with hay

  • experiencing temperature changes (the stream vs the firepit)

  • walking into a pen and tuning into the moods and behaviors of the animals before beginning work

  • swinging on a web-rider or laying in a hammock

  • catching the animals for health checks

  • laying down with a small animal on your chest and taking deep breaths

The mental health benefits:

  • learning and practicing grounding techniques

  • focusing on the present and taking space from past and future worries

  • getting out of one’s head and into one’s body

  • practicing self-regulation techniques

A fire in the fire pit just starting to burn kindling
Group shot of the Board of Trustees wearing matching maroon farm sweatshirts

Community

What it looks like in a session:

  • making popcorn in the firepit and handing out snacks to other clients and clinicians

  • a snowball fight around the campus among clients and clinicians 

  • working with other clients and clinicians to catch and care for animals

  • creating a “good mood guide” bookmark from our clients’ suggestions to pass out to trick-or-treaters at Halloween

  • participating in a quarterly community initiative projects to help other non-profit organizations that support children and families

The mental health benefits:

  • sense of being seen and understood

  • experiencing belonging and a sense of finding one’s herd

  • helping others as a step towards helping oneself

  • experiencing gratitude

  • witnessing and participating in the power of a strong community to effect change

Want to make a difference in Farm-Based Therapy?